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Pneumonia acquired outside
of hospitals or extended care facilities is known as Community
Acquired Pneumonia. Pneumonia
and influenza are the seventh leading causes of death in the United States. Statistical
data shows that about 25 percent of all pneumonia cases require hospitalization. This
figure represents more than 600,000 hospitalizations, utilizing more than 4.5
million inpatient days each year. The incidence increases with age,
and more than 90 percent of deaths due to pneumonia are in people age 65 and
older. Assessment,
diagnosis, treatment, and lifestyle education are essential standards of care
for persons diagnosed with pneumonia.
Oxygenation
- Low oxygen (hypoxemia)
in the blood is common in severe cases of pneumonia and is a known
risk factor for poor outcomes in patients diagnosed with pneumonia. Oxygen
therapy has been shown to decrease mortality (death) in patients
with pneumonia.
- This
chart represents the percentage of hospitalized pneumonia patients
who were assessed for low oxygen within the first 24 hours of
hospitalization.
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Pneumococcal Vaccination
- Pneumococcal vaccination is recommended by the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC) for persons 65 years of age or older,
patients who are at high risk due to certain chronic medical conditions,
and persons in a weakened medical state (immunocompromised).
- This chart
shows the percentage of hospitalized pneumonia patients eligible for
vaccination or revaccination.
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Adult
Smoking Cessation Advice and Counseling
- More
than 430,000 Americans die each year from smoking related illnesses. Smoking
causes illnesses such as cancer, heart disease, stroke, problems with
pregnancy and lung disease.
- This
chart illustrates the percentage of hospitalized pneumonia patients
who receive advice on quitting smoking.
- View the St. John's Mercy Smoking Cessation brochure (PDF)
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Antibiotic Timing
- There is growing
clinical evidence of an association between timely inpatient administration
of antibiotics and improved outcomes among pneumonia patients. The
data indicates that antibiotics administered within four hours
of arrival may significantly lower mortality (death) and length of hospital
stay when compared with those patients whose time to first dose was greater
than four hours.
- This
chart represents the percentage of hospitalized pneumonia patients
who receive an antibiotic within the first four hours of arrival.
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References/Resources:
- Health Care Financing Administration (US). 1999 Data Compendium. Baltimore,
Md: US Dept of HHS; 1999
- CDC General Information
on immunization. Recommendations
of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. MMRW. 2002;51:1-6
- Fiore MC, Bailey WC, Cohen SJ, et al. Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence.
Clinical Practice Guideline. Rockville, MD; US Dept HHS. June 2000
- Practice Guidelines
for the Management of Community –Acquired Pneumonia
in Adults. IDSA. Clinical Infect Dis. 2003; 31:347-382.
- Houck PM, Bratzler DW, Nsa W, Ma A, Bartlett JG. Timing of antibiotic administration
and outcomes for Medicare patients hospitalized with pneumonia Arch Intern
Med
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