Frequently Asked Questions: Mammograms
What are the benefits of screening mammography?
Today's high-quality screening mammography is the most effective tool available
to physicians in detecting breast cancer before lumps can be felt or symptoms
of cancer appear. Early detection of breast cancer not only helps provide
a woman with more options, but also increases the possibility of a favorable
prognosis.
Is there a risk of radiation exposure from having regular mammograms?
The risk of harm from radiation exposure is extremely small, and the
risk decreases significantly as a woman ages. The actual exposure of radiation
during a mammogram is about equivalent to that of having a dental exam.
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates that mammograms not
exceed 2 rads (radiation absorbed dose), the unit of measure for radiation
exposure. Most mammograms actually deliver a small fraction of that amount
and a woman must carefully weigh the risks of not having mammograms against
that of this small radiation exposure.
What should a woman expect when having a mammogram?
A woman should avoid using deodorant and lotions and wear two-piece clothing
on the day of her mammogram. A specially-trained radiological technologist,
who will perform the x-ray, will ask the woman to undress and stand next
to the x-ray machine. Two flat surfaces, or plates, are lowered and compress
each breast for a few seconds. This compression is necessary to produce
the best pictures using the lowest amount of radiation possible.
Are mammograms painful?
Some women find the pressure of the plates on their breasts to be uncomfortable
or even somewhat painful. Timing your mammogram when your breasts are
not tender is important. In premenopausal women, this is usually one week
after your menstrual period. If you do experience discomfort or pain,
remember that each x-ray takes just a few moments and could save your
life.
Who pays for mammography?
Medicare covers mammography screening for women 65 and older every year.
Most states now require that health insurance policies offer mammography
screening reimbursement. In addition, many mammography facilities also
offer special programs and lower fees during National Breast Cancer Awareness
Month in October.
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